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Category 3

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Animal Studies

Animals are biologically very similar to humans, they are susceptible to many of the same health problems as humans, and their shorter life cycles enable us to study them throughout their whole life span.

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The lines of evidence related to animal studies make up 16.7% of the total evidence.

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Long-term behavioral changes occur when mouse and rat pups are exposed to acetaminophen

Laboratory mice and rats show long-term behavioral changes when given acetaminophen at a very young age

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Acetaminophen exposure in early life negatively affects social function in male brains more than in female brains

The effects of acetaminophen and related drugs hurt social function in male brains more than in female brains

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Acetaminophen kills nerve cells in the brain in adult lab animals

Acetaminophen causes death of cortical neurons in adult laboratory rats at concentrations lower than it causes liver failure

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Acetaminophen is toxic to cats because they are missing a critical "pathway", same as babies

Normal doses of acetaminophen are toxic in cats because they are deficient in 'the glucuronidation pathway" of metabolism. Newborn babies are also deficient in this metabolic pathway

Copyright © WPLab, Inc. 2025 

WPLab is a not-for-profit company that conducts research and education related to immune system dysfunction in high-income countries. A current focus is the interaction between the immune system and acetaminophen (paracetamol) early in life, and how that interaction affects brain development. For more information on WPLab, please visit www.wplaboratory.org.

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